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Hepatitis A virus attachment to cultured cell lines
J T Stapleton1, J Frederick, B Meyer
1Department of Internal Medicine, VA Medical Center, Iowa City.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|December 1, 1991
Summary
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) uses a specific, calcium-dependent receptor on permissive cells for attachment. This binding does not involve the virus
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Understanding Hepatitis A virus (HAV) cell attachment is crucial for developing vaccines and antiviral therapies.
- Identifying the HAV receptor informs knowledge of viral tissue tropism and replication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the mechanism of HAV attachment to cultured cells.
- To investigate the role of specific viral sites and host factors in HAV cell binding.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated HAV strain attachment to permissive and nonpermissive cell lines.
- Tested the effect of calcium ions on HAV binding.
- Assessed the impact of neutralization escape mutants and RGD peptides on HAV attachment.
Main Results:
- HAV demonstrated calcium-dependent attachment specifically to permissive cells.
- Antigenic variant strains showed similar attachment properties to neutralization-susceptible strains.
- RGD peptides did not inhibit HAV attachment, unlike with related picornaviruses.
Conclusions:
- Hepatitis A virus utilizes a calcium-dependent receptor for cell attachment.
- The HAV binding region does not involve the immunodominant neutralization site or an RGD sequence.