Recent trends of insertion-device technology for X-ray sources

Area of Science:

• Physics
• Engineering
• Materials Science

Background:

• Advancements in in-vacuum undulator technology, featuring permanent magnet arrays in ultrahigh vacuum, have been achieved.
• The development of mini-gap undulators with very short periods represents a significant technological progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the performance of in-vacuum undulators, specifically the mini-gap type.
• To introduce a new concept for synchrotron radiation facilities, termed the 'new third-generation light source'.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing in-vacuum mini-gap undulators with short periods.
• Integrating these undulators with a low-emittance ring and moderate beam energy.

Main Results:

• Successful implementation of in-vacuum mini-gap undulators in the X-ray ring at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) in collaboration with SPring-8.
• Demonstration of a new design concept for synchrotron radiation facilities.

Conclusions:

• The combination of in-vacuum mini-gap undulators and a low-emittance, moderate-energy ring offers a viable path for designing moderate-cost, medium-sized synchrotron radiation facilities.
• This new concept can yield performance comparable to existing large-scale synchrotron facilities, representing a significant advancement in light source technology.