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An update on body dysmorphic disorder.

David J Castle1, Susan L Rossell

  • 1Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria and The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. dcastle@mhri.edu.au

Current Opinion in Psychiatry
|April 14, 2006
PubMed
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Body dysmorphic disorder research updates reveal its complex classification, cognitive aspects, and treatment. The disorder may belong to the obsessive-compulsive spectrum, requiring further research into effective interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition characterized by obsessive preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance.
  • Current research seeks to clarify BDD's classification and its relationship with other psychiatric disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of current research on body dysmorphic disorder.
  • To examine recent findings regarding BDD's classification, cognitive features, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research findings on body dysmorphic disorder.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on classification, cognitive aspects, and treatment modalities.

Main Results:

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  • BDD's classification remains debated, with evidence suggesting a link to the obsessive-compulsive spectrum rather than somatoform disorders.
  • Neurocognitive deficits in BDD are being explored, but their specificity requires further investigation.
  • Cognitive behavior therapy and serotonin reuptake inhibitors are primary treatments, though alternative interventions are needed for non-responders.

    • Conclusions:

    • Body dysmorphic disorder may be best understood within the obsessive-compulsive spectrum, not as a subtype.
    • A clear distinction between psychotic and nonpsychotic variants of BDD is not supported by current insights.
    • Further research is essential to understand BDD's neurocognitive underpinnings and develop more effective treatments.