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[Induction of anesthesia with halogen-containing anesthetic agents in children]

V A Sidorov, P V Korotkova, V A Mikhel'son

    Anesteziologiia I Reanimatologiia
    |April 15, 2006
    PubMed

    Insights

    For pediatric gas induction, enflurane and halothane are preferred over isoflurane. Enflurane and halothane offer better comfort, safety, and faster clinical effect achievement in children.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Pediatric Medicine
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Inhalational anesthetics are commonly used for pediatric induction.
    • Comparative data on halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane in children are essential for optimizing anesthetic protocols.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To comparatively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane during gas induction in pediatric patients.
    • To assess parameters including induction speed, comfort, hemodynamic stability, respiratory function, and adverse event rates.

    Main Methods:

    • A comparative study involving 708 pediatric patients (1-14 years, ASA I-II).
    • Gas induction using halothane, enflurane, or isoflurane as monotherapy with 100% oxygen via a semi-open circuit.
    • Evaluation of induction characteristics, physiological parameters, and adverse reactions.

    Main Results:

    • Enflurane and halothane demonstrated superior comfort, safety, and speed of clinical effect compared to isoflurane.
    • Isoflurane induction was associated with frequent upper airway irritation, slower narcosis, and increased adverse reactions.
    • Isoflurane showed a less pronounced hemodynamic effect.

    Conclusions:

    • Enflurane and halothane are recommended as the drugs of choice for gas induction in children.
    • Isoflurane gas induction is not recommended for pediatric patients due to its irritant properties and associated complications.

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