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Proteases in eye development and disease.

Michael A Wride1, Jenny Geatrell, Jeremy A Guggenheim

  • 1School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom. WrideMA@cardiff.ac.uk

Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo Today : Reviews
|April 20, 2006
PubMed
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Proteases are crucial enzymes in eye development and disease. Understanding their roles in conditions like cataracts and glaucoma offers potential therapeutic targets for preventing vision loss.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Ocular Physiology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • The eye is a classical developmental biology system.
  • Eye diseases often have developmental origins, leading to blindness.
  • Proteases play significant roles in both normal eye function and disease states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a broad overview of recent literature on proteases in eye development and disease.
  • To highlight the involvement of specific proteases in various ocular structures and conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on proteases in ocular development and disease.
  • Focus on specific proteases including caspases, calpains, MMPs, ADAMs, ADAMTS, UPP, tPA, and secretases.
  • Examination of proteases' roles in lens, cornea, retina, sclera, and trabecular meshwork.

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Main Results:

  • Proteases are involved in lens development, including apoptosis and fiber cell denucleation.
  • Protease activity is linked to cataract progression, cornea development/disease, and retinal degeneration.
  • Roles in sclera development (myopia) and trabecular meshwork function (glaucoma) are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Proteases have diverse and critical functions in ocular development and disease.
  • These proteases represent promising therapeutic targets for treating vision-impairing ocular conditions.