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Laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectosigmoid and rectal cancer
Chucheep Sahakitrungruang1, Jirawat Pattana-arun, Kasaya Tantiphlachiva
1Colorectal Division, Department of Surgery, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. chucheep@hotmail.com
Summary
Laparoscopic surgery for rectosigmoid and rectal cancer is feasible and safe. While operative time is longer, patients experience faster bowel recovery and fewer wound infections compared to open surgery.
Area of Science:
- Colorectal Surgery
- Minimally Invasive Surgery
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Rectosigmoid and rectal cancers are common malignancies.
- Open surgery has been the traditional approach.
- Laparoscopic techniques offer potential benefits in recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic surgery for rectosigmoid and rectal cancers.
- To compare laparoscopic outcomes with open surgery.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective evaluation of 24 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for rectosigmoid/rectal cancer.
- Comparison with 25 patients who had open surgery.
- Procedures included anterior resection, low anterior resection, coloanal anastomosis, abdominoperineal resection, and subtotal colectomy.
Main Results:
- Laparoscopic surgery had a longer mean operative time but faster bowel function recovery.
- No significant differences in distal margin or lymph node yield.
- Anastomotic leakage rates were similar; surgical wound infection was significantly lower in the laparoscopic group.
Conclusions:
- Laparoscopic surgery is a feasible and safe option for rectosigmoid and rectal cancer.
- It provides comparable oncological clearance to open surgery.
- Laparoscopic approach may reduce surgical wound infections.