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Is conception delay a risk factor for reduced gestation or birthweight?

Maureen A Cooney1, Germaine M Buck Louis, Wenyu Sun

  • 1School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA. cooneyma@mail.nih.gov

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
|April 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Conception delay, defined as over six months to become pregnant, did not show an association with adverse perinatal outcomes like low birthweight or preterm birth in fertile women. This study found no evidence of increased risk for these negative birth outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Perinatal Epidemiology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Previous research suggested a link between delayed conception and adverse perinatal outcomes.
  • Low birthweight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) are significant concerns in neonatal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between conception delay and three key perinatal outcomes: LBW, PTB, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA).
  • To determine if taking longer than six months to conceive increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, focusing on pregnancies with known time-to-pregnancy (n=8465).
  • Employed generalized estimating equations to analyze odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for LBW, PTB, and SGA.

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  • Adjusted for potential confounding factors to isolate the effect of conception delay.

    • Main Results:

    • After adjusting for confounders, the odds ratios for all adverse outcomes were close to the null value.
    • Specifically, OR for LBW was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.20), for PTB was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.27), and for SGA was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.25).
    • No statistically significant association was found between conception delay and adverse perinatal outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • This study found no evidence to support an adverse relationship between conception delay and negative impacts on gestation or birthweight.
    • The findings suggest that for fertile women, a delay in conception does not appear to increase the risk of LBW, PTB, or SGA.