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Chemical composition of Egyptian and UAE propolis.

Sobhi A Said1, Saeed A Khan, Iqbal Ahmad

  • 1Dubai Pharmacy College, P.O. Box 19099, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|April 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Chemical analysis of propolis from Egypt and UAE revealed distinct compositions. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) identified 34 compounds, with unique profiles in each sample, including novel findings for Egyptian propolis.

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Area of Science:

  • * Phytochemistry
  • * Natural Products Chemistry
  • * Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • * Propolis, a resinous mixture produced by honeybees, exhibits diverse chemical profiles influenced by geographical origin.
  • * Previous research on Egyptian propolis has not exhaustively documented its chemical constituents.
  • * Understanding propolis composition is crucial for its potential applications in medicine and industry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate and compare the chemical composition of propolis from Behera, Egypt, and Dubai, UAE.
  • * To identify specific compounds, including novel ones, present in Egyptian propolis.
  • * To provide a detailed chemical profile for both geographical samples using advanced analytical techniques.

Main Methods:

  • * Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed for the separation and identification of volatile and semi-volatile compounds.

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  • * Quantitative analysis was performed to determine the relative abundance of identified chemical classes.
  • * Samples were sourced from Behera, Egypt, and Dubai, UAE.

    • Main Results:

    • * A total of thirty-four compounds were tentatively identified in the propolis samples.
    • * The Egyptian propolis sample showed high levels of aliphatic (13.7%) and aromatic (14.4%) acids, with alcohols, phenols, and esters comprising 17.0%.
    • * The UAE propolis sample was characterized by high aliphatic acids (15.2%) and low aromatic acids (4.3%), with aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, and esters at 9%.
    • * Both samples contained anthraquinone and flavone derivatives, with the UAE sample also featuring significant amounts (33%) of high molecular weight alkanes, sugar derivatives, and other compounds.

    Conclusions:

    • * Significant differences in chemical composition exist between Egyptian and UAE propolis.
    • * Novel compounds were identified in the Egyptian propolis, expanding the known chemical diversity of this natural product.
    • * The distinct chemical profiles suggest varied botanical sources and potential for region-specific biological activities.