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Structure and function of inositol trisphosphate receptors.

C W Taylor1, A Richardson

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Cambridge, U.K.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3) rapidly mobilizes intracellular calcium (Ca2+). Its receptor, a Ca2+ channel, is regulated by various factors and shares similarities with the ryanodine receptor.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3) is a key intracellular messenger.
  • Ins(1,4,5)P3 triggers rapid calcium (Ca2+) release from intracellular stores.
  • Complex Ca2+ signaling, including waves and spikes, follows initial Ins(1,4,5)P3 release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure and function of the Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor.
  • To discuss the regulation of Ins(1,4,5)P3-mediated Ca2+ signaling.
  • To compare the Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor with other Ca2+ channels.

Main Methods:

  • Purification and functional reconstitution of the Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor.
  • Deduced amino acid sequence from cDNA.
  • Analysis of ligand binding and allosteric regulation.

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Main Results:

  • The Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor contains an integral Ca2+ channel.
  • The receptor is regulated by Ins(1,4,5)P3, Ca2+, nucleotides, pH, and phosphorylation.
  • Structural and functional similarities exist between Ins(1,4,5)P3 and ryanodine receptors.

Conclusions:

  • The Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor's structure facilitates complex Ca2+ signaling.
  • Multiple regulatory inputs fine-tune Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor activity.
  • Understanding the Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor is crucial for deciphering cellular Ca2+ dynamics.