Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026
10:49
Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus
Published on: January 28, 2019
National Rotavirus Surveillance Program annual report, 2004-05
Carl D Kirkwood1, Nada Bogdanovic-Sakran, David Cannan
1Enteric Virus Research Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052. carl.kirkwood@mcri.edu.au
Communicable Diseases Intelligence Quarterly Report
|April 28, 2006
Summary
Rotavirus surveillance in Australia identified G1 as the dominant serotype in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis. Significant geographic variations in rotavirus serotypes were observed nationwide.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children globally.
- Continuous surveillance is crucial for understanding circulating strains and informing public health interventions.
- The National Rotavirus Reference Centre has monitored rotavirus epidemiology in Australia since 1999.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the predominant rotavirus serotypes causing hospitalizations in Australian children.
- To analyze the geographic distribution of rotavirus serotypes during the surveillance period.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 612 faecal samples collected nationwide between July 1, 2004, and June 30, 2005.
- Utilized monoclonal antibody immunoassays, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).
Main Results:
- Serotype G1 was the most prevalent, accounting for 48.3% of identified strains.
- Serotype G3 represented 36.7% and serotype G9 comprised 6.9% of the strains.
- Considerable geographic variation in rotavirus serotype prevalence was noted across Australia.
Conclusions:
- Serotype G1 remains the primary cause of rotavirus hospitalizations in Australian children.
- The findings highlight the ongoing need for geographically specific rotavirus surveillance.
- Understanding serotype distribution is vital for vaccine efficacy monitoring and public health strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
01:23Investigation of Disease Outbreaks
Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
01:18Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
01:17Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...