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[S100B: astrocyte specific protein]
Narito Tateishi1, Taiji Shimoda, Nobumichi Yada
1Minase Research Institute, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Sakurai, Shimamoto, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-8585 Japan. tateishi@ono.co.jp
Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi = Japanese Journal of Psychopharmacology
|April 28, 2006
Summary
S100B protein, primarily from astrocytes, regulates many brain functions. Elevated S100B levels are linked to neurological disorders, potentially causing neurodegeneration.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Context:
- S100B is a calcium-binding protein produced by astrocytes in the central nervous system.
- It plays a role in regulating intracellular functions including cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation.
- Released S100B can affect neurons and glial cells through paracrine and autocrine signaling.
Purpose:
- To discuss the multifaceted roles of S100B in the central nervous system.
- To explore the association between elevated S100B levels and various neurological disorders.
- To examine the potential detrimental effects of excessive S100B on neuronal health.
Summary:
- S100B is involved in numerous intracellular processes and exerts paracrine/autocrine effects.
- Increased S100B concentrations are observed in conditions like Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury.
- Excessive S100B can promote inflammatory responses and neurotoxic effects, potentially preceding neurodegeneration in disease models.
Impact:
- Highlights S100B as a potential biomarker for neurological diseases.
- Suggests S100B's role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative conditions.
- Provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying S100B-associated neurological dysfunction.