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Free fatty acids decrease circulating ghrelin concentrations in humans.

Lars C Gormsen1, Jakob Gjedsted, Signe Gjedde

  • 1Department M (endocrinology and diabetes), Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. lars.christian.gormsen@ki.au.dk

European Journal of Endocrinology
|April 29, 2006
PubMed
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Elevated free fatty acids (FFAs) significantly suppress circulating ghrelin levels. This effect is independent of growth hormone (GH) and insulin, suggesting FFAs directly impact ghrelin regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Research
  • Hormone Regulation

Background:

  • Ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide, plays a crucial role in appetite regulation.
  • Circulating ghrelin levels are influenced by various hormones, including those affecting free fatty acids (FFAs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct impact of varying free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations on circulating ghrelin levels.
  • To determine if FFA effects on ghrelin are independent of growth hormone (GH) and insulin.

Main Methods:

  • Eight healthy lean men participated in a study involving intralipid infusions to manipulate plasma FFA concentrations.
  • Constant insulin and GH levels were maintained using acipimox and somatostatin, respectively.
  • Hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps were performed to assess insulin sensitivity.

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Main Results:

  • Infusion of intralipid successfully elevated plasma FFA concentrations to distinct levels (0.49-2.09 mmol/l).
  • Somatostatin reduced ghrelin by 67%, with increasing intralipid further decreasing ghrelin by 14-19%.
  • No additional ghrelin reduction was observed during hyperinsulinaemia, indicating FFA's independent effect.

Conclusions:

  • Free fatty acid (FFA) exposure between 0 and 1 mmol/l significantly suppresses ghrelin levels.
  • This suppression of ghrelin by FFAs occurs independently of ambient growth hormone (GH) and insulin concentrations.