Partial lobectomy via a ligature fracture technique: a method for multiple hepatic biopsies in nonhuman primates

A ligature fracture technique was used to obtain multiple large (2 to 4 g) liver biopsy samples in both African green and cynomolgus monkeys. The technique was performed 195 times in 84 animals using three different surgical approaches, with no associated illness or mortality. In a subset of 18 animals, a slight decline in hematocrit percentage was noted during 14 days postsurgery (44.6 to 39.4%), but total plasma protein remained unchanged (5.98 to 5.95 g/dl). Serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations rose to 178.11 U/l at day 1 postoperatively, from a baseline value of 93.61 U/l. This elevation was transient, however, and declined to 49.65 U/l by day 14. Our experience has shown that the partial lobectomy via the ligature fracture technique is a safe and effective means to obtain multiple large samples of liver in nonhuman primates.