Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 7, 2026

A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: September 30, 2021
[Protein kinases and phospholipids in human hepatocellular carcinoma]
1Dept. Biochemistry, Shanghai Medical University.
Abstract:
The activities of protein kinases C (PK-C), protein kinase A (PK-A) and other protein kinases independent of Ca(++)-phospholipid and cAMP in normal human liver and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft in nude mice were determined. It was found that all the three protein kinases (PK-C, PK-A and the total "other" kinases) increased in HCC as compared with those in the normal liver. The increase was especially marked in PK-C. Its activity in cytosol was increased to 8.5 and 5.9 times as the normal values. It was also revealed that the relative content of phospholipids in the total lipid decreased in HCC. Among the constituent fractions of phospholipid, only lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) was significantly increased both in absolute amount and its percentage in relation to total phospholipids. The causal relation between the increased PK-C activity and LPC is discussed.
Related Concept Videos
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Phosphoinositides and PIPs
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mTOR pathway or the...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
Liver Regeneration
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...

