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Related Experiment Videos

Drug-associated renal dysfunction.

Stephanie S Taber1, Bruce A Mueller

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, UHB2D301 Box 0008, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. staber@umich.edu

Critical Care Clinics
|May 9, 2006
PubMed
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Drug-induced acute renal failure (ARF) is a significant risk in intensive care units (ICUs). This review examines common nephrotoxic medications used in ICUs and their mechanisms of kidney injury.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Acute renal failure (ARF) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients carries a high mortality rate.
  • Drug-induced renal dysfunction is a critical yet frequently underestimated cause of ARF in critically ill patients.
  • Nephrotoxic medications are widely prescribed in both adult and pediatric ICUs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prescribing patterns of potential nephrotoxins in adult and pediatric ICUs.
  • To review the general mechanisms of drug-associated renal dysfunction.
  • To highlight commonly prescribed nephrotoxic medication classes in the ICU setting.

Main Methods:

  • A drug use evaluation was conducted at the authors' institution.
  • Prescribing patterns of potential nephrotoxins were assessed in adult and pediatric ICUs.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Literature review focusing on commonly prescribed nephrotoxic medications and their mechanisms of renal dysfunction.

    • Main Results:

    • Antibiotics (e.g., aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, penicillins, cephalosporins, acyclovir), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and contrast dye are frequently used in ICUs.
    • A wide array of other nephrotoxic medications are also commonly administered.
    • The study identified widespread use of nephrotoxic agents across all ICUs.

    Conclusions:

    • Drug-induced renal dysfunction is a prevalent issue in ICUs.
    • Understanding the mechanisms of nephrotoxicity is crucial for managing ARF in critically ill patients.
    • Judicious prescribing and monitoring of nephrotoxic medications are essential in the ICU.