Historical Lassa fever reports and 30-year clinical update

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Neurology
• Public Health

Background:

• Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic fever endemic to West Africa.
• Imported cases of Lassa fever in the United States are rare but pose public health concerns.
• Surveillance and understanding of imported Lassa fever cases are crucial for preparedness.

Observation:

• This report details the clinical presentation of the second imported Lassa fever case in the US.
• Long-term follow-up data is provided for the third imported Lassa fever case.
• A significant and persistent neurological sequela, vertigo, was observed in the third patient.

Findings:

• The second imported Lassa fever case's symptoms are documented.
• The third imported Lassa fever case exhibited persistent vertigo for three decades post-infection.
• This case highlights potential chronic neurological deficits associated with Lassa fever.

Implications:

• Long-term sequelae, such as persistent vertigo, should be considered in Lassa fever patient management.
• Understanding the chronic effects of Lassa fever is important for patient care and public health planning.
• This case underscores the need for continued vigilance regarding imported infectious diseases.