Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Phylogeny

Phylogeny

Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire...

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...

The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes

The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes

The “tree of life” describes the evolution of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The root of the tree is the common ancestor to all life on Earth. All other species radiate from this point, much like the branches of a tree. The numerous tips of these branches on the tree of life represent every living, or extant, species. Extinct species, which are species that no longer exist, can be found towards the center of the tree. Currently, these organisms, both extant and...

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...

Microbial Phylogeny

Microbial Phylogeny

Understanding the evolutionary relationships among microorganisms is fundamental to microbial ecology and taxonomy. Phylogenetic trees are essential tools for inferring these relationships, relying primarily on comparative analyses of molecular sequences such as DNA, RNA, or proteins. In microbial studies, these trees typically depict the evolutionary paths of diverse bacterial and archaeal species by mapping genetic differences accumulated over time.Phylogenetic trees are composed of tips,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Abrupt demographic change affects projected population size: Implications for an endangered species in a protected area.

Ecology·2024

Same author

Longevity of hymenopteran parasitoids in natural versus agricultural habitats and implications for biological control.

Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America·2024

Same author

Predictability of ecological and evolutionary dynamics in a changing world.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2024

Same author

Resource use differences of two coexisting chironomid species at localized scales.

Oecologia·2024

Same author

Shared Features Underlying Compact Genomes and Extreme Habitat Use in Chironomid Midges.

Genome biology and evolution·2024

Same author

Dispersal stabilizes coupled ecological and evolutionary dynamics in a host-parasitoid system.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

The ITS2 Database

The ITS2 Database

Published on: March 12, 2012

Statistics for correlated data: phylogenies, space, and time.

Anthony R Ives¹, Jun Zhu

¹Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. arives@wisc.edu

Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America

|May 19, 2006

Summary

This study introduces statistical methods for analyzing correlated data in ecology. It provides examples to help researchers understand and apply these techniques to diverse ecological problems.

More Related Videos

A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts

A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts

Published on: February 6, 2014

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

The ITS2 Database

The ITS2 Database

Published on: March 12, 2012

A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts

A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts

Published on: February 6, 2014

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

Area of Science:

Ecology
Statistics
Data Analysis

Background:

Ecological data often exhibit correlations due to phylogenetic relationships, spatial proximity, or temporal dependencies.
Traditional statistical methods assume independent data, which can lead to inaccurate conclusions when applied to correlated ecological datasets.
Understanding and applying appropriate statistical techniques for correlated data is crucial for robust ecological research.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a range of statistical techniques for analyzing correlated data in ecological studies.
To illustrate the application of these methods using simulated examples from diverse ecological contexts.
To demystify the analysis of correlated data and encourage ecologists to utilize these powerful statistical tools.

Main Methods:

Analysis of four simulated ecological examples showcasing different types of correlated data: phylogenetic, spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal.
Application of distinct statistical approaches tailored to each type of correlated data.
Focus on conceptual understanding of statistical issues rather than detailed procedural tutorials.

Main Results:

Demonstrated the prevalence and impact of correlated data in ecological research through diverse examples.
Illustrated how different statistical methods can effectively address specific types of data correlation.
Provided a framework for understanding and selecting appropriate statistical analyses for non-independent ecological data.

Conclusions:

Statistical techniques for correlated data can simplify ecological research by enabling the analysis of a wider range of data types and experimental designs.
Ecologists are encouraged to explore and adopt these statistical methods to enhance the rigor and scope of their studies.
Proper analysis of correlated data leads to more accurate and reliable ecological insights.