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Related Experiment Videos

ERPs dissociate the effects of switching task sets and task cues.

Rebecca Nicholson1, Frini Karayanidis, Elizabeth Bumak

  • 1Functional Neuroimaging Lab, School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. rebecca.nicholson@newcastle.edu.au

Brain Research
|May 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Task switching costs are not solely due to endogenous control. Electrophysiology shows task set reconfiguration processes activate before stimulus onset, supporting task-switching paradigms for cognitive control research.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Recent studies question whether reaction time (RT) costs in task switching reflect endogenous control of task set reconfiguration.
  • Task-switching paradigms are used to investigate cognitive control processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of task switching costs and their relation to cognitive control.
  • To determine if task set reconfiguration processes are activated during task switching.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed two simple tasks with random switching, cued 600 ms before stimulus presentation.
  • Reaction time (RT) and electrophysiological data (EEG) were collected.
  • Analysis controlled for cue category repetition or switching.

Main Results:

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  • A significant RT task switch cost was observed, even when controlling for cue category changes.
  • Switching cue category did not affect RT.
  • Electrophysiology revealed early cue processing and a parietal positivity for switch trials preceding stimulus onset.

Conclusions:

  • Task set reconfiguration processes are activated during task switching, occurring before stimulus presentation.
  • Task-switching paradigms are valuable tools for studying cognitive control mechanisms.