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Tentative criteria for assessing workers exposure to toluene by urinary toluene screening
Fumiyuki Asakawa1, Tomohiro Hirao, Shigeru Suna
1Department of Health and Sports Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, 2640 Nishinoura, Tsurajima-cho, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama 712-8505, Japan.
Abstract:
This study assessed screening thresholds for determining workers exposure to toluene (Tol) by urinary Tol (Tol-U) and proposed applicable criteria for on-site settings. Participants' urine samples (n = 21) were collected at the end of the workday during the latter half of a week and the Tol-U concentration was assayed. Simultaneously, each worker's exposure dose to Tol in the breathing zone during work, Tol-TWA (time-weighted average), was measured. Tentative criteria were proposed. Level I, less than Tol-U 38 microg/l, has the least chance of exceeding Tol-OEL 50 ppm (occupational exposure limit for Tol recommended by the Japan Society for Occupational Health), probability 95% <. Level II, Tol-U 38-60 microg/l, has a low possibility of exceeding Tol-OEL. Level III, Tol-U 60-110 microg/l, has a high possibility of exceeding Tol-OEL. Level IV, more than Tol-U 110 microg/l, clearly exceeds Tol-OEL, probability 95% <.
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