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Avoidable mortality across Canada from 1975 to 1999.

Paul D James1, Doug G Manuel, Yang Mao

  • 1Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Canada. paul.james@utoronto.ca

BMC Public Health
|May 24, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Avoidable mortality (AM) decreased significantly more than other causes of death in Canada between 1975-1999. Regional differences in AM persisted, highlighting disparities in healthcare and public health interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Avoidable mortality (AM) serves as a key indicator for assessing healthcare system performance.
  • This study investigates AM trends across five Canadian regions from 1975 to 1999.
  • AM is defined as mortality amenable to medical care and public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in avoidable mortality (AM) and compare them with mortality from other causes in Canada.
  • To identify regional variations in AM across different Canadian provinces.
  • To determine the impact of medical care and public health on mortality rates.

Main Methods:

  • Estimated age-standardized mortality rates for individuals under 65 years.
  • Analyzed data for consecutive 5-year periods from 1975 to 1999.

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  • Calculated the proportion of all-cause mortality attributable to avoidable causes.

    • Main Results:

    • Avoidable mortality (AM) decreased by 46.9%, a more substantial reduction than for other causes (24.9%).
    • Persistent regional disparities in AM were observed, with Ontario and British Columbia showing lower rates than Atlantic, Quebec, and Prairies regions.
    • Injuries, ischemic heart disease, and lung cancer were major contributors to overall AM trends.

    Conclusions:

    • Regional differences in mortality under age 65 are linked to causes amenable to medical care and public health.
    • Public health interventions appear particularly influential in reducing avoidable mortality.
    • The findings underscore the importance of equitable access to and quality of healthcare and public health services across Canada.