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Observer pitch and roll influence: the rod and frame illusion
Jennifer E Corbett1, James T Enns
1Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. jecorbet@psych.ubc.ca
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|May 27, 2006
Summary
The rod and frame illusion (RFI) is affected by visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive inputs. Seated observers showed additive influences of floor pitch and roll on RFI, unlike standing observers.
Area of Science:
- Perception science
- Visual perception
- Vestibular system
Background:
- The rod and frame illusion (RFI) demonstrates how visual context influences orientation perception.
- Previous research indicates pitch and roll of surrounding surfaces independently affect the RFI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the combined effects of floor pitch and roll on the RFI in seated and standing observers.
- To differentiate the contributions of vestibular and proprioceptive systems to the RFI by decoupling body and head roll.
Main Methods:
- Experiment 1: Measured RFI with varied floor pitch and roll for seated and standing participants.
- Experiments 2 & 3: Manipulated body and head roll to isolate sensory contributions.
Main Results:
- Seated observers exhibited additive influences of pitch and roll on RFI.
- Standing observers did not show additive effects.
- Sensory input hierarchy identified: visual > vestibular > proprioceptive.
Conclusions:
- The RFI is modulated by a hierarchy of sensory inputs, with vision being dominant.
- Body orientation relative to gravity (vestibular) and limb position (proprioception) contribute to the RFI, with differing effects based on posture.
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