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Cell movement during chick primitive streak formation.

Manli Chuai1, Wei Zeng, Xuesong Yang

  • 1Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Wellcome Trust Biocentre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.

Developmental Biology
|May 27, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Epiblast cell movements drive primitive streak formation during gastrulation, with FGF signaling crucial for mesoderm differentiation. Cell division and known intercalation mechanisms are not essential for initial streak formation.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastrulation in amniotes involves extensive epiblast cell rearrangement to form the primitive streak.
  • Understanding the cellular mechanisms driving primitive streak formation is key to comprehending early embryonic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular movements and proliferation of epiblast cells during chick gastrulation and primitive streak formation.
  • To elucidate the roles of cell division, cell-cell intercalation, and FGF signaling in primitive streak formation.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a transfection method for GFP fusion proteins in chick blastoderms.
  • Time-lapse microscopy to analyze epiblast cell movements and proliferation.
  • Inhibition of cell division (P21/Waf), Wnt signaling (Wnt11, Xdd1), myosin II, and FGF signaling (FGFR1c).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Epiblast cells exhibit counter-rotating flows towards the posterior pole, forming the primitive streak.
  • Cell division occurs during these movements but is not essential for streak formation.
  • Inhibition of Wnt signaling or myosin II does not affect streak formation but impairs later embryonic elongation.
  • FGF signaling is critical for the cell movements underlying streak formation and mesoderm differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Primitive streak formation is driven by distinct cell flow patterns, not conventional cell-cell intercalation mechanisms.
  • FGF signaling plays a pivotal role in initiating gastrulation movements and mesoderm development.
  • Cell division is regulated during gastrulation but not required for the initiation of primitive streak formation.