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High-risk individuals' willingness to pay for diabetes risk-reduction programs
F Reed Johnson1, Ranjani Manjunath, Carol A Mansfield
1RTI-UNC Center for Excellence in Health Promotion Economics, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Diabetes Care
|May 30, 2006
Summary
Individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) show willingness to pay for prevention programs, but prefer subsidized options. Key preferences include significant weight loss goals and reduced dietary restrictions for T2D risk reduction.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Preventive Medicine
- Health Economics
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programs aim to mitigate disease progression.
- Understanding participant willingness to pay (WTP) is crucial for program sustainability and uptake.
- Assessing risk perception versus objective risk is key for effective T2D prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the WTP for primary T2D prevention programs among at-risk individuals.
- To identify program features that influence participant preferences and WTP.
- To compare self-assessed diabetes risk with objective screening measures.
Main Methods:
- An Internet-based conjoint survey assessed preferences for hypothetical T2D risk-reduction programs.
- Program features included diet, exercise, counseling, medication, weight loss, risk reduction, and cost.
- Conditional logit models analyzed WTP, with 582 participants (aged ≥45 years, majority obese).
Main Results:
- Many participants underestimated their T2D risk, impacting participation likelihood.
- Strongest preferences were for programs with substantial weight loss goals, flexible diets, and high risk reduction.
- Willingness to pay was approximately $1,500 over 3 years for a lifestyle intervention; higher perceived risk correlated with higher WTP.
Conclusions:
- Subsidies are likely necessary for widespread participation in T2D prevention programs.
- Most individuals are unwilling to bear the full cost of prevention programs.
- Program design should incorporate participant preferences for diet, weight loss, and risk reduction to enhance appeal.
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