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The human muscle proteome in aging.

Cecilia Gelfi1, Agnese Vigano, Marilena Ripamonti

  • 1Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, CNR, Segrate (MI), Italy. cecilia.gelfi@ibfm.cnr.it

Journal of Proteome Research
|June 3, 2006
PubMed
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Physically active elderly muscle shows altered myosin light chains and increased oxidative capacity. These age-related protein changes in vastus lateralis muscle impact energy production.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Muscle biology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Aging leads to muscle mass and strength decline.
  • Physical activity can mitigate age-related muscle changes.
  • Understanding protein alterations in active elderly muscle is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-dependent protein changes in the vastus lateralis muscle.
  • To compare protein profiles between physically active elderly and young individuals.
  • To correlate protein changes with muscle functional capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE)
  • SDS-PAGE (Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)
  • ESI-MS/MS (Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry)

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Main Results:

  • Down-regulation of regulatory myosin light chains, especially phosphorylated isoforms, in elderly muscle.
  • Increased proportion of myosin heavy chain isoforms 1 and 2A in the elderly group.
  • Enhanced oxidative capacity and reduced glycolytic capacity in physically active elderly subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Age-dependent protein modifications occur in vastus lateralis muscle even in active individuals.
  • Altered myosin isoforms and metabolic enzyme activity contribute to functional changes in elderly muscle.
  • These findings provide insights into muscle adaptation to aging and physical activity.