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Early intervention in developmental delay.

Paramleen Kaur1, B S Chavan, Sneh Lata

  • 1Government Institute for Mentally Retarded Children (GIMRC), Sector 32, Chandigarh, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|June 3, 2006
PubMed
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This study profiles children in an Early Intervention Program (EIP), finding significant rates of developmental delays and disabilities like cerebral palsy and intellectual disability. Increased awareness and early referrals are crucial for effective intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Child Neurology

Background:

  • Early Intervention Programs (EIP) are vital for children with developmental delays.
  • Understanding the profile of children in EIP is essential for targeted interventions.
  • Limited data exists on the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of children in EIP in India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the socio-demographic and clinical profile of children enrolled in an Early Intervention Program.
  • To identify common diagnoses and functional impairments among these children.
  • To inform public health strategies and clinical practice for early childhood development.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive case records of children attending EIP.

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  • Data collected included socio-demographic variables, clinical diagnoses, and functional assessments (locomotor, speech, audiology).
  • Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation) were used to analyze the data.

    • Main Results:

    • The study population had a mean age of 4.0 years, with 70% males and 70% from urban areas.
    • Intellectual disability was prevalent (88%) with a mean IQ of 50. Cerebral Palsy affected 50%, learning disorders 24%, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) 12%, and autism 4%.
    • Epilepsy was present in 25%, 66% had communication impairments, and 21% showed genetic disorder evidence. Etiology remained unknown in 31%.

    Conclusions:

    • Awareness of developmental delays and interventions is low in India, with speech delay being the primary parental concern.
    • Pediatricians, obstetricians, and other specialists should actively engage in early identification and referrals.
    • Enhanced public awareness and professional collaboration are needed to improve outcomes for children with developmental disabilities.