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Cogwheel phase cycling in common triple resonance NMR experiments for the liquid phase
Gerhard Zuckerstätter1, Norbert Müller
1Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
Abstract:
We demonstrate that cogwheel phase cycling, which was previously only used in solid state NMR, can be applied to optimize the efficiency of commonly used pulse sequences in multiple resonance liquid-state biomolecular NMR. In favorable cases the required minimum number of scans can be reduced by more than 80% as compared to a corresponding sequence with nested phase cycles. Since cogwheel phase cycling procedures can be designed for a range of scan numbers, and can be combined with pulsed field gradients, the total experiment time can be adjusted closely to the required signal-to-noise ratio with minimal overhead. Examples are shown for 3D-TROSY-HNCO, 3D-TROSY-HNCACO, and 3D-HACACO experiments on diamagnetic and paramagnetic proteins.
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