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Related Experiment Videos

HIV and incarceration: dual epidemics.

David A Wohl1, David Rosen, Andrew H Kaplan

  • 1AIDS Clinical Research and Treatment Unit, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.

The AIDS Reader
|June 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

HIV infection is increasingly concentrated in U.S. prisons and jails due to evolving epidemics and criminal justice policies. Addressing this requires enhanced identification, prevention, and treatment of HIV/AIDS within correctional facilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Criminology

Background:

  • HIV epidemic epidemiology and criminal justice policies have shifted over two decades.
  • HIV infection is now concentrated within U.S. prisons and jails.
  • Incarceration impacts public health, including intraprison spread of HIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the concentration of HIV infection in correctional facilities.
  • To understand the public health ramifications of HIV in prisons and jails.
  • To highlight the need for interventions to control HIV spread related to incarceration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of HIV epidemic epidemiology.
  • Review of criminal justice policies.
  • Assessment of public health impacts of incarceration on HIV.

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Main Results:

  • HIV infection has become concentrated in U.S. prisons and jails.
  • Incarceration facilitates the spread of HIV, particularly in communities with high rates.
  • Social disruption from incarceration can exacerbate HIV transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Interventions are crucial to identify, counsel, and treat inmates with HIV/AIDS.
  • Targeted strategies are needed to reduce the contribution of incarceration to HIV spread.
  • Public health efforts must address the intersection of HIV and the criminal justice system.