Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 7, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Prothrombotic risk factors in ischemic stroke and migraine in children

E Pilarska1, M Lemka, A Bakowska

  • 1Department of Developmental Neurology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. pilar@amg.gda.pl

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|June 16, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and thrombomodulin (Thm) may play a role in pediatric stroke and migraine. Elevated levels were observed in affected children compared to controls.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Pediatric stroke and migraine have complex etiologies.
  • Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and thrombomodulin (Thm) are implicated in thrombotic events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the involvement of aPL and Thm in pediatric stroke and migraine pathogenesis.
  • To compare aPL and Thm levels in children with stroke/migraine versus healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 90 children: 30 with ischemic stroke, 30 with migraine, and 30 healthy controls (ages 4-15).
  • Measured levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), anti-beta2-glycoprotein 1 (beta2-GP1), and Thm.

Main Results:

  • Children with stroke and migraine showed increased levels of aCL, beta2-GP1, and Thm compared to the control group.
  • While elevated, the measured antibody and Thm values remained within standard ranges.

Conclusions:

  • Prothrombotic factors, including aPL and Thm, may contribute to individual cases of pediatric stroke and migraine.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise role of these factors.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...