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[Emergency contraception].

C Bastianelli1, M Farris, A Di Miscia

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Ginecologiche, Perinatologia e Puericultura, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Roma. carlo.bastianelli@uni-roma1.it

Minerva Ginecologica
|June 20, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Emergency contraception (EC) prevents unwanted pregnancy after unprotected sex. Levonorgestrel (LNG) formulations are effective by delaying ovulation, with no impact on implantation or existing pregnancies.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive endocrinology and pharmacology
  • Contraceptive technology
  • Public health policy

Context:

  • Emergency contraception (EC) formulations have evolved since their introduction.
  • Levonorgestrel (LNG)-only EC is widely available and effective.
  • Ethical debates surround EC, particularly regarding its mechanism of action.

Purpose:

  • To review the efficacy and mechanisms of action of various emergency contraception methods.
  • To discuss the safety and accessibility of hormonal and intrauterine EC.
  • To inform on the role of EC in reducing unintended pregnancies and abortions.

Summary:

  • Hormonal EC, including combined estrogen-progestin (Yuzpe regimen) and levonorgestrel (LNG)-only regimens, primarily works by inhibiting or delaying ovulation (prefertilization).

Related Experiment Videos

  • LNG-only EC (1.5 mg) is more effective than the Yuzpe regimen when administered within 72 hours.
  • Mifepristone and copper intrauterine devices (IUDs) are alternative EC methods with distinct mechanisms and efficacy profiles.

    • Impact:

    • EC access has been simplified in several European countries, with options for free or over-the-counter availability.
    • Hormonal EC does not affect implantation or ongoing pregnancies.
    • Copper IUDs are highly effective interceptive methods, preventing implantation with very low pregnancy rates (0.1-0.2%).