Comparative evaluation of three nickel-titanium instrumentation systems in human teeth using computed tomography

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Dental Materials Science

Background:

• Rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems are widely used for root canal preparation.
• Optimizing preparation techniques is crucial for predictable endodontic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the dentin removal, canal transportation, and working time of three NiTi rotary systems: Hero Shaper, ProTaper, and RaCe.
• To evaluate the impact of these systems on root canal geometry.

Main Methods:

• Three NiTi rotary systems (Hero Shaper, ProTaper, RaCe) were used to prepare mesial molar root canals.
• Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed before and after instrumentation.
• Canal volume, cross-sectional area, and transportation were analyzed using image analysis software.

Main Results:

• ProTaper resulted in significantly greater dentin removal compared to Hero Shaper (p < 0.05).
• All systems increased canal cross-sectional area, with no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05).
• RaCe files caused significant canal transportation at the coronal level (p < 0.05).
• No significant differences in working time were observed among the systems.

Conclusions:

• Different NiTi rotary systems exhibit distinct preparation characteristics regarding dentin removal and canal transportation.
• ProTaper and RaCe show specific advantages/disadvantages that clinicians should consider.
• Further research may explore long-term effects and clinical implications of these findings.