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Drug-induced nail diseases.

Bianca Maria Piraccini1, Matilde Iorizzo, Michela Starace

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 1-40138 Bologna, Italy. bmpiracc@med.unibo.it

Dermatologic Clinics
|June 27, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Drug intake can cause nail disorders like Beau's lines and melanonychia due to toxicity. While often temporary, some drug-induced nail changes may persist after medication cessation.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Nail disorders are frequently linked to drug use, though evidence is often anecdotal.
  • Drug-induced nail changes result from acute toxicity to nail epithelia.
  • Symptoms vary based on the specific nail structure affected.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review drugs consistently associated with nail abnormalities.
  • To consolidate existing knowledge on drug-induced nail pathology.
  • To provide a reference for clinicians and researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported drug-induced nail abnormalities.
  • Analysis of common symptoms and associated drug classes.
  • Identification of drugs with consistent associations.

Main Results:

  • Common symptoms include Beau's lines/onychomadesis, melanonychia, onycholysis, and periungual pyogenic granulomas.
  • Most drug-induced nail abnormalities are transient, resolving upon drug withdrawal.
  • Some nail changes may exhibit prolonged persistence.

Conclusions:

  • Drug intake is a significant, though often underreported, cause of nail disorders.
  • Understanding these associations aids in diagnosis and patient management.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms and long-term effects.

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