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Central nervous system stimulants and sport practice
L Avois1, N Robinson, C Saudan
1Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses, Lausanne University, Switzerland. lidia.avois@chuv.ch
British Journal of Sports Medicine
|June 27, 2006
Summary
Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants like ephedrine, amphetamine, and cocaine are misused in sports despite lacking performance benefits and posing serious health risks. Prevention through education and information dissemination is crucial for sports authorities.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Pharmacology
- Public Health
Background:
- Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants are used to enhance alertness and aggression in sports.
- Misuse of stimulants like ephedrine, amphetamine, and cocaine in sports carries significant dangers.
- Athletes may use these substances during training or competition to boost intensity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pharmacology, actions, and side effects of ephedrine, amphetamine, and cocaine.
- To examine the misuse of these CNS stimulants in the context of sports.
- To highlight the potential dangers and lack of ergogenic benefits.
Main Methods:
- Review of pharmacological properties of ephedrine, amphetamine, and cocaine.
- Analysis of their effects on athletic performance and health.
- Examination of their status as prescription, recreational, or illegal drugs.
Main Results:
- CNS stimulants can have perceived ergogenic effects but lack proven performance benefits.
- Some stimulants, like Ephedra alkaloids, have therapeutic use issues, while illegal drugs like cocaine and amphetamines can be ergolytic.
- Widespread athlete use, serious side effects, and frequent mention in anti-doping statistics underscore their importance.
Conclusions:
- Doping with CNS stimulants is a significant public health concern in sports.
- Sports authorities must actively participate in the prevention of stimulant misuse.
- Disseminating information, providing alternatives, and implementing adequate training and education are essential.
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