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Field triage in disasters.
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. sasser@cdc.gov
Prehospital Emergency Care
|June 28, 2006
Summary
During mass casualty events, emergency medical services must shift from individual patient care to a "greatest good for the greatest number" triage approach. This ensures critical patients receive immediate aid while conserving resources.
Area of Science:
- Disaster Medicine
- Emergency Medical Services
- Public Health Preparedness
Background:
- Prehospital providers typically prioritize the most severely injured patients.
- Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) overwhelm standard emergency medical services (EMS) protocols.
- Resource limitations necessitate a change in triage strategy during MCIs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the critical need for shifting triage methodology during mass casualty events.
- To identify the benefits of a "greatest good for the greatest number" approach in disaster scenarios.
- To explore how triage adjustments can optimize resource allocation and patient outcomes in MCIs.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing triage protocols for daily operations.
- Analysis of principles for mass casualty incident (MCI) triage.
- Examination of resource management strategies in disaster medicine.
Main Results:
- Standard triage may be insufficient during overwhelming casualty events.
- A shift to utilitarian triage is essential for MCIs.
- This approach aids in identifying patients who benefit most from immediate interventions.
- It also helps preserve vital prehospital and hospital resources.
Conclusions:
- Emergency medical services systems must be prepared to adapt their triage strategies for mass casualty events.
- Implementing a "greatest good for the greatest number" triage model is crucial for effective disaster response.
- This strategic shift is vital for maximizing survival rates and optimizing resource utilization during large-scale emergencies.
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