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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues
Published on: May 15, 2021
[New mechanisms of biological effects of electromagnetic fields]
Abstract:
The production of ATP in mitochondria depends on the magnesium nuclear spin and magnetic moment of a Mg2+ ion in creatine kinase and ATPase. This suggests that enzymatic synthesis of ATP is an ion-radical process and thus depends on the external magnetic field (magnetobiology originates from this fact) and microwave fields, which control the spin states of ion-radical pairs and affect the ATP synthesis. The chemical mechanism of ATP synthesis and the origin of biological effects of electromagnetic (microwave) fields are discussed.
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