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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Detecting the Ligand-binding Domain Dimerization Activity of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Using the Mammalian Two-Hybrid Assay
Published on: December 19, 2018
A mixture model-based discriminate analysis for identifying ordered transcription factor binding site pairs in gene
Lang Li1, Alfred S L Cheng, Victor X Jin
1Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN 47405, USA. lali@iupui.edu
Motivation:
To detect and select patterns of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) which distinguish genes directly regulated by estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), we developed an innovative mixture model-based discriminate analysis for identifying ordered TFBS pairs.
Results:
Biologically, our proposed new algorithm clearly suggests that TFBSs are not randomly distributed within ERalpha target promoters (P-value < 0.001). The up-regulated targets significantly (P-value < 0.01) possess TFBS pairs, (DBP, MYC), (DBP, MYC/MAX heterodimer), (DBP, USF2) and (DBP, MYOGENIN); and down-regulated ERalpha target genes significantly (P-value < 0.01) possess TFBS pairs, such as (DBP, c-ETS1-68), (DBP, USF2) and (DBP, MYOGENIN). Statistically, our proposed mixture model-based discriminate analysis can simultaneously perform TFBS pattern recognition, TFBS pattern selection, and target class prediction; such integrative power cannot be achieved by current methods.
Availability:
The software is available on request from the authors.
Contact:
lali@iupui.edu
Supplementary Information:
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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