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Related Experiment Videos

Behavioral contrast of time allocation.

A Bouzas, W M Baum

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |March 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Behavioral contrast in pigeons was observed when one component of a multiple schedule was changed to extinction. This finding challenges explanations of behavioral contrast based on noninstrumental response rates.

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    Area of Science:

    • Behavioral psychology
    • Animal behavior studies
    • Operant conditioning

    Background:

    • Pigeons were trained on multiple schedules of reinforcement.
    • Behavioral contrast is a phenomenon where changes in one schedule component affect behavior in another.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate behavioral contrast in pigeons under multiple schedules.
    • To test explanations of behavioral contrast related to noninstrumental responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Pigeons stood on a platform for food reinforcement under two-component multiple schedules.
    • Components alternated every 30 seconds, signaled by light changes.
    • One component was a variable-interval schedule; the other was either the same or extinction.

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    Main Results:

    • Replacing a variable-interval component with extinction increased time spent on the platform during the unchanged component.
    • This demonstrates a clear behavioral contrast effect.

    Conclusions:

    • The observed behavioral contrast challenges theories attributing this effect to changes in noninstrumental response rates.
    • The study suggests alternative mechanisms may underlie behavioral contrast.