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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Live Cell Imaging of the TGF- β/Smad3 Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo Using an Adenovirus Reporter System
Published on: July 30, 2018
Viral immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-mediated signaling in cell transformation and cancer
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Cancer Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE 1001G, San Francisco, CA 94143-00414, USA. lewis.lanier@ucsf.edu
Abstract:
Viruses frequently co-opt host cell pathways to enhance their propagation or to enable latent infection. Certain receptors expressed by hematopoietic cells have immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domains that initiate cellular activation, proliferation and differentiation. Some viruses have evolved, or acquired from their host, genes that encode ITAM-bearing proteins. These ITAM-bearing viral proteins have been implicated in cellular transformation in virus-infected hematopoietic cells, typically B cells, but also in non-hematopoietic tissues--including endothelial and epithelial cells.
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