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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization
Published on: January 24, 2025
Blood substitutes based on nanobiotechnology
1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3655 Drummond Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada. artcell.med@mcgill.ca
Abstract:
Stimulated by concerns of potential infective agents in donated blood, commercial enterprises have attempted to develop blood substitutes since the 1900s. After several years of development, a few of the many leads are showing promise. In this article, nanobiotechnological approaches that are now in phase III clinical trials are reviewed, followed by a discussion of how important basic knowledge gained is being used to develop new generations of blood substitutes based on nanobiotechnology.

