Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 7, 2026
10:42
Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)
Published on: December 29, 2016
Poly[bis[2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethylammonium] di-mu-iodo-diodoplumbate(II)]
David G Billing1, Andreas Lemmerer
1School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, PO Wits 2050, South Africa.
Summary
This study reveals a novel inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite structure with a unique 2a(p) x 2a(p) superstructure. It features 2D sheets of lead-halide octahedra separated by specific organic cations.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Crystallography
- Solid-State Chemistry
Background:
- Inorganic-organic hybrid perovskites are a class of materials with tunable properties.
- Understanding their crystal structures is crucial for designing new materials.
- Layered perovskite structures offer unique electronic and optical characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, (C(8)H(16)N)(2)[PbI(4)].
- To characterize its unique 2a(p) x 2a(p) superstructure.
- To describe the arrangement of inorganic and organic components within the hybrid framework.
Main Methods:
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
- Structure solution and refinement.
- Crystallographic visualization and analysis.
Main Results:
- The compound crystallizes as an inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite.
- An unusual 2a(p) x 2a(p) superstructure was identified.
- The structure comprises two-dimensional sheets of corner-sharing PbI(6) octahedra.
- These sheets are separated by bilayers of 2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethylammonium cations.
- The organic cations exhibit a non-planar conformation of the ethylammonium groups relative to the cyclohexenyl rings.
Conclusions:
- The determined crystal structure provides fundamental insights into this specific hybrid perovskite.
- The unusual superstructure and cation arrangement offer a basis for further research into structure-property relationships.
- This work contributes to the broader understanding of inorganic-organic hybrid materials and their potential applications.
Related Concept Videos
02:42Valence Bond Theory
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
02:52Stereoisomerism
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
02:34Structural Isomerism
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
03:11Precipitation of Ions
Predicting Precipitation
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:
03:10Precipitation Reactions
In a precipitation reaction, aqueous solutions of soluble salts react to give an insoluble ionic compound – the precipitate. The reaction occurs when oppositely charged ions in solution overcome their attraction for water and bind to each other, forming a precipitate that separates out from the solution. Since such reactions involve the exchange of ions between ionic compounds in aqueous solution, they are also referred to as double displacement, double replacement, exchange reactions, or...
03:02Colors and Magnetism
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.