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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
Published on: April 9, 2014
Antiretroviral therapy 2006: pharmacology, applications, and special situations
Rafik Samuel1, Robert Bettiker, Byungse Suh
1Section of Infectious Diseases, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. rafiksamuel@hotmail.com
Abstract:
As we approach the completion of the first 25 years of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, there have been dramatic improvements in the care of patients with HIV infection. These have prolonged life and decreased morbidity. There are twenty currently available antiretrovirals approved in the United States for the treatment of this infection. The medications, including their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and dosing are reviewed. In addition, the current approach to the use of these medicines is discussed. We have included a section addressing common comorbid conditions including hepatitis B and C along with tuberculosis.
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Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...

