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Tuberculosis outbreak in marijuana users, Seattle, Washington, 2004.

John E Oeltmann1, Eyal Oren, Maryam B Haddad

  • 1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. jeo3@cdc.gov

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|July 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Illicit drug use and "hotboxing" behaviors facilitated tuberculosis transmission among young individuals. Many close contacts showed latent tuberculosis infection, indicating significant disease spread within this social network.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health concern, particularly in certain social networks.
  • Understanding transmission dynamics is crucial for effective control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transmission patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within a social network of young individuals.
  • To identify risk factors and behaviors contributing to TB spread in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from young TB patients.
  • Contact tracing and tuberculin skin testing of social contacts.
  • Analysis of social behaviors and drug-related activities.

Main Results:

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  • Identical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were found in 11 young TB patients linked by illicit drug activities.
  • A high proportion (64%) of their close contacts tested positive for latent TB infection.
  • The practice of "hotboxing" was identified as a significant factor in disease transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Socially linked networks, particularly those involving illicit drug use and specific behaviors like "hotboxing", can drive TB transmission.
  • Targeted public health interventions are needed for high-risk social groups.
  • Early detection and treatment in contact networks are essential to curb TB spread.