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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Large Tuberculosis Outbreaks - United States, 2017-2023.

Kala M Raz1, Maryam B Haddad1, Sandy P Althomsons1

  • 1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Large tuberculosis (TB) outbreaks disproportionately affected U.S.-born individuals with substance use, homelessness, and incarceration. Contact tracing aided earlier diagnosis, highlighting the need for robust public health infrastructure.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Genomic Surveillance

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern.
  • Large TB outbreaks pose unique challenges to public health surveillance and control.
  • Understanding the characteristics of individuals involved in large TB outbreaks is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize large tuberculosis outbreaks in the U.S. between 2017-2023.
  • To compare demographic and risk factors of individuals in large outbreaks versus sporadic TB cases.
  • To evaluate the role of contact tracing in identifying outbreak-related TB cases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national genomic and TB case surveillance data from 2017-2023.
  • Identification of large outbreaks defined as 10 or more related TB cases within a 3-year period.
  • Comparison of characteristics between individuals in large outbreaks and other TB patients.

Main Results:

  • 50 large TB outbreaks involving 1,092 cases were identified across 23 states.
  • Individuals in large outbreaks were more frequently U.S.-born (79%) and reported higher rates of substance use (27%), homelessness (9%), and incarceration (11%).
  • Contact tracing identified approximately one-fourth of outbreak cases, often with fewer markers of infectiousness compared to cases found through other methods.

Conclusions:

  • Large TB outbreaks are associated with specific demographic and social risk factors, including U.S. birth, substance use, homelessness, and incarceration.
  • Contact tracing may facilitate earlier diagnosis of TB in outbreak settings.
  • Sustained public health capacity for TB outbreak detection, prevention, and response is essential, particularly addressing barriers faced by vulnerable populations.