Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cerebrospinal Fluid01:21

Cerebrospinal Fluid

7.9K
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a colorless liquid that flows around the brain and the spinal cord, playing a vital role in the protection, support, and overall function of the central nervous system (CNS). CSF production, circulation, and absorption are tightly regulated processes essential for the brain and spinal cord to function properly.
CSF Production
CSF is produced mainly in the choroid plexus, a network of capillaries and ependymal cells located within the ventricular system of the brain....
7.9K
Control Systems01:10

Control Systems

1.7K
Control systems are everywhere in contemporary society, influencing diverse applications from aerospace to automated manufacturing. These systems can be found naturally within biological processes, such as blood sugar regulation and heart rate adjustment in response to stress, as well as in man-made systems like elevators and automated vehicles. A control system is essentially a network of subsystems and processes that collaboratively convert specific inputs into desired outputs.
At the heart...
1.7K
Neurons as Communicators of the Brain01:22

Neurons as Communicators of the Brain

5.2K
Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, function as the primary transmitters of information throughout the body. Their ability to communicate through electrical and chemical signals is vital for every bodily function, from regulating the heartbeat to processing complex thoughts. Each neuron has three main components: the cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon, each specialized to facilitate swift and efficient neural communication.
Cell Body
The cell body, also known...
5.2K
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

3.8K
The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
3.8K
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

3.8K
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
3.8K
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

950
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
950

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Input-dependent directionality of interactions between cortical areas.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Interactions across hemispheres in prefrontal cortex reflect global cognitive processing.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Long-term unsupervised recalibration of cursor-based intracortical brain-computer interfaces using a hidden Markov model.

Nature biomedical engineering·2025
Same author

A posture subspace in the primary motor cortex.

Neuron·2025
Same author

Brain-computer interfaces as a causal probe for scientific inquiry.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2025
Same author

Fast Multigroup Gaussian Process Factor Models.

Neural computation·2025
Same journal

Retraction Note: NSD2 targeting reverses plasticity and drug resistance in prostate cancer.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Enhanced B cell priming induces broadly neutralizing HIV-1 apex antibodies.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Vaccination elicits HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in primates.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Child online safety needs more than social-media bans.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Ebola preparedness must start with ecosystems and before humans show symptoms.

Nature·2026
Same journal

AI tools can speed up thinking, but evidence still comes from the lab bench.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

An Experimental Platform to Study the Closed-loop Performance of Brain-machine Interfaces
10:51

An Experimental Platform to Study the Closed-loop Performance of Brain-machine Interfaces

Published on: March 10, 2011

16.1K

A high-performance brain-computer interface.

Gopal Santhanam1, Stephen I Ryu, Byron M Yu

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, 330 Serra Mall, 319 Paul G. Allen Center for Integrated Systems Annex, Stanford, California 94305-4075, USA.

Nature
|July 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a high-performance brain-computer interface (BCI) for faster and more accurate cursor control. The novel BCI design significantly enhances the clinical viability of assistive technologies for individuals with neurological impairments.

More Related Videos

A Fully Automated and Highly Versatile System for Testing Multi-cognitive Functions and Recording Neuronal Activities in Rodents
09:13

A Fully Automated and Highly Versatile System for Testing Multi-cognitive Functions and Recording Neuronal Activities in Rodents

Published on: May 3, 2012

15.0K
A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare
06:34

A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare

Published on: July 7, 2023

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

An Experimental Platform to Study the Closed-loop Performance of Brain-machine Interfaces
10:51

An Experimental Platform to Study the Closed-loop Performance of Brain-machine Interfaces

Published on: March 10, 2011

16.1K
A Fully Automated and Highly Versatile System for Testing Multi-cognitive Functions and Recording Neuronal Activities in Rodents
09:13

A Fully Automated and Highly Versatile System for Testing Multi-cognitive Functions and Recording Neuronal Activities in Rodents

Published on: May 3, 2012

15.0K
A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare
06:34

A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare

Published on: July 7, 2023

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

  • Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) show promise for assisting individuals with neurological injuries or diseases.
  • Current BCIs suffer from low performance (speed and accuracy) compared to eye-movement systems, hindering clinical application.
  • Both invasive and non-invasive neural recording techniques face performance limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate a significantly higher-performance brain-computer interface (BCI) than previously reported.
  • To achieve fast and accurate key selection using BCIs across various keyboard sizes.
  • To improve the clinical viability of BCIs for human use.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electrode arrays implanted in the dorsal premotor cortex of monkeys.
  • Developed a novel BCI system design focused on enhancing performance.
  • Evaluated system performance based on information throughput (bits per second) and key selection speed (words per minute).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a BCI with manifold higher performance compared to existing systems.
  • Achieved information throughput up to 6.5 bits per second (approx. 15 words per minute) using 96 electrodes.
  • Maximized information throughput with brief neural recordings, even with degrading signal quality over time.

Conclusions:

  • A fast and accurate key selection system using BCIs is feasible.
  • The demonstrated BCI performance significantly advances the potential for clinical applications.
  • These findings should substantially increase the clinical viability of BCIs for assisting patients.