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Human and ovine lentiviral infections compared
G Pétursson1, V Andrésdóttir, O Andrésson
1Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík.
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|January 1, 1991
Summary
Ovine maedi-visna virus (MVV) shares genomic and cellular similarities with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This makes the sheep lentivirus a valuable animal model for studying human lentiviral infections.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Comparative Pathology
Background:
- Maedi-visna virus (MVV) is the first identified lentivirus in sheep.
- MVV shares significant genomic similarities with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Lentiviral infections are characterized by slow progression and viral persistence due to restricted replication and immune evasion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the biological similarities between MVV and HIV.
- To establish the ovine maedi-visna model for human lentivirus research.
- To understand the mechanisms of lentiviral persistence and host-pathogen interactions.
Main Methods:
- Comparative genomic analysis of MVV and HIV.
- Examination of viral replication patterns in host cells.
- Pathological assessment of affected tissues (CNS, lungs, lymphatic system).
Main Results:
- MVV and HIV exhibit similar genomic organization and gene expression regulation.
- Restricted viral replication and proviral DNA persistence are key features in both infections.
- Similar target cells and pathological changes are observed in the central nervous system, lungs, and lymphatic system.
Conclusions:
- Ovine maedi-visna serves as a relevant animal model for human lentiviral infections like HIV.
- Understanding MVV's host-cell interactions can provide insights into HIV pathogenesis.
- The study underscores the value of animal models in lentivirus research.