Functional outcome and alignment in computer-assisted and conventionally operated total knee replacements: a...

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Medical Technology
• Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

• Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common procedure for knee osteoarthritis.
• Improving surgical accuracy and patient outcomes in TKR remains a key focus.
• Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) offers potential advantages over conventional methods.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the functional outcomes and accuracy of computer-assisted surgery (CAS) versus conventional surgery (CONV) in total knee replacement (TKR).

Main Methods:

• A randomized controlled trial involving 192 patients undergoing TKR.
• Comparison of CAS and CONV groups over three months and one year follow-up.
• Assessment of functional scores (Knee Society, KOOS) and radiographic alignment.

Main Results:

• CAS group showed marginally better functional results at three months and one year, particularly in KOOS subscales for pain, sports, and quality of life.
• CAS significantly reduced outliers in frontal alignment and improved tibial slope accuracy.
• CAS procedures were associated with a 20-minute increase in operation time.

Conclusions:

• Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) offers statistically marginal functional benefits in TKR.
• CAS provides more predictable mechanical alignment and prosthesis positioning compared to conventional surgery.
• Long-term outcomes of CAS in TKR require further investigation.