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Cracking the language code: neural mechanisms underlying speech parsing.

Kristin McNealy¹, John C Mazziotta, Mirella Dapretto

¹Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|July 21, 2006

Summary

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This study reveals the brain

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Psycholinguistics

Background:

Word segmentation is crucial for language acquisition.
Speech can be segmented using statistical and speech cues.
Previous research explored infant and adult segmentation abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural basis of on-line word segmentation.
To examine brain activity during implicit word boundary detection.
To model developmental changes in speech processing.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used.
Participants listened to syllable streams with varying cues (statistical, speech).
fMRI data analyzed for neural activity during segmentation and implicit word recognition.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

Left-lateralized temporal cortex activity increased with statistical regularities and speech cues.
Left inferior and middle frontal gyrus activity correlated with implicit word boundary detection.
Neural activity was linked to rapid auditory processing skills.

Conclusions:

Identified a neural signature for on-line word segmentation in adults.
Demonstrated implicit processing of statistical and speech cues in segmentation.
Provided a framework for studying developmental changes in language processing.