Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:17

The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Immobilizing Bactericides on Dental Resins via Electron Beam Irradiation.

Journal of dental research·2021
Same author

Development of a Cavity Disinfectant Containing Antibacterial Monomer MDPB.

Journal of dental research·2016
Same author

The oncogenic role of the cochaperone Sgt1.

Oncogenesis·2015
Same author

Development of an antibacterial root canal filling system containing MDPB.

Journal of dental research·2014
Same author

Pilot study of modified LMB-based therapy for children with ataxia-telangiectasia and advanced stage high grade mature B-cell malignancies.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2013
Same author

[Pleuroperitoneal communication at the beginning of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; report of a case].

Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery·2009

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Detection and Visualization of DNA Damage-induced Protein Complexes in Suspension Cell Cultures Using the Proximity Ligation Assay
13:10

Detection and Visualization of DNA Damage-induced Protein Complexes in Suspension Cell Cultures Using the Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: June 9, 2017

The ATM-dependent DNA damage signaling pathway.

R Kitagawa1, M B Kastan

  • 1Department of Hematology-Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
|July 28, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Studies reveal how ATM kinase activation by DNA damage targets SMC1 protein, crucial for DNA repair and cell survival. This research clarifies key molecular controls in DNA damage response pathways.

More Related Videos

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

Visualizing the DNA Damage Response in Purkinje Cells Using Cerebellar Organotypic Cultures
08:41

Visualizing the DNA Damage Response in Purkinje Cells Using Cerebellar Organotypic Cultures

Published on: December 27, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Detection and Visualization of DNA Damage-induced Protein Complexes in Suspension Cell Cultures Using the Proximity Ligation Assay
13:10

Detection and Visualization of DNA Damage-induced Protein Complexes in Suspension Cell Cultures Using the Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: June 9, 2017

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

Visualizing the DNA Damage Response in Purkinje Cells Using Cerebellar Organotypic Cultures
08:41

Visualizing the DNA Damage Response in Purkinje Cells Using Cerebellar Organotypic Cultures

Published on: December 27, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • DNA damage response pathways are critical for maintaining genomic stability.
  • Human cancer susceptibility syndromes provide insights into these pathways.
  • ATM kinase is a central mediator of cellular responses to DNA double-strand breaks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of ATM kinase activation by DNA damage.
  • To investigate the role of SMC1 protein as a key target of ATM kinase.
  • To understand the molecular controls governing DNA damage response pathways involving ATM and SMC1.

Main Methods:

  • Studies of human cancer susceptibility syndromes.
  • Investigating the activation mechanism of ATM kinase.
  • Analysis of SMC1 protein phosphorylation and its downstream effects.
  • Generation of mice and cells with impaired SMC1 phosphorylation.

Main Results:

  • DNA damage activates ATM kinase, initiating critical cellular signaling pathways.
  • SMC1 protein is a key target of ATM kinase, essential for DNA replication fork control and DNA repair.
  • NBS1 and BRCA1 proteins facilitate ATM kinase recruitment to DNA break sites for SMC1 phosphorylation.
  • Impaired SMC1 phosphorylation disrupts the S-phase checkpoint, DNA repair rates, and cell survival.

Conclusions:

  • SMC1 phosphorylation by ATM is vital for the DNA-damage-induced S-phase checkpoint, DNA repair, and cell survival.
  • Understanding the ATM-SMC1 interaction provides crucial insights into DNA damage response mechanisms.
  • This research highlights the molecular controls essential for cellular response to DNA damage.