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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Non-invasive Assay for Chlorophyll Biosynthesis Kinetics Determination during Early Stages of Arabidopsis De-etiolation
Published on: January 12, 2024
Elucidation of the beta-carotene hydroxylation pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana
Alessia Fiore1, Luca Dall'osto, Paul D Fraser
1Ente per le Nuove tecnologie, l'Energia e l'Ambiente (ENEA), Dipartimento Biotecnologie, Centro Ricerche Casaccia, C.P. 2400, Roma 00100, Italy.
Abstract:
The first dedicated step in plant xanthophyll biosynthesis is carotenoid hydroxylation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, this reaction is performed by both heme (LUT1 and LUT5) and non-heme (CHY1 and CHY2) hydroxylases. No mutant completely abolishing alpha- or beta-carotene hydroxylation has been described to date. We constructed double and triple mutant combinations in CHY1, CHY2, LUT1, LUT5 and LUT2 (lycopene epsilon-cyclase). In chy1chy2lut2, 80% of leaf carotenoids is represented by beta-carotene. In chy1chy2lut5, beta-carotene hydroxylation is completely abolished, while hydroxylation of the beta-ring of alpha-carotene is still observed. The data are consistent with a role of LUT5 in beta-ring hydroxylation, and with the existence of an additional hydroxylase, acting on the beta-ring of alpha-, but not beta-carotene.
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