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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Undecalcified Bone Preparation for Histology, Histomorphometry and Fluorochrome Analysis
Published on: January 8, 2010
New embedding medium for sectioning undecalcified bone
S Mohsin1, F J O' Brien, T C Lee
1Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin. s.mohsin@ucc.ie
Abstract:
Methylmethacrylate (MMA) is the most commonly used embedding medium for sectioning undecalcified bone; however, a number of problems exist with its use in a research laboratory. MMA requires a long infiltration time and temperature control, and it reacts with many polymers. We used Kleer Set resin as an alternative embedding medium for sectioning undecalcified bone specimens. Fluorochrome labeled bone specimens were sectioned transversely using a ground section technique and longitudinally on a sledge macrotome. The slides were viewed using both transmitted light and epifluorescence microscopy. High quality sections were obtained using Kleer Set resin for both sectioning techniques. We have shown that this new embedding medium is simpler, safer, quicker to use and does not interfere with visualization of fluorochromes.
Insights
Kleer Set resin offers a simpler, safer, and quicker alternative to methylmethacrylate (MMA) for embedding undecalcified bone. This new resin allows for high-quality sections without interfering with fluorochrome visualization, improving research laboratory workflows.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Histology
- Orthopedic Research
Background:
- Methylmethacrylate (MMA) is a common but problematic embedding medium for undecalcified bone.
- MMA requires extensive infiltration time, precise temperature control, and can react with various polymers.
- These limitations hinder efficient research laboratory practices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate Kleer Set resin as a superior alternative embedding medium for undecalcified bone sectioning.
- To assess the compatibility of Kleer Set resin with fluorochrome labeling and microscopy techniques.
- To streamline bone specimen preparation in research settings.
Main Methods:
- Undecalcified bone specimens labeled with fluorochromes were embedded using Kleer Set resin.
- Sections were prepared using both ground section (transverse) and sledge microtome (longitudinal) techniques.
- Microscopic analysis was performed using transmitted light and epifluorescence microscopy.
Main Results:
- High-quality bone sections were consistently obtained with Kleer Set resin using both sectioning methods.
- The new embedding medium demonstrated ease of use, improved safety, and reduced preparation time compared to MMA.
- Kleer Set resin did not interfere with the visualization of fluorochromes in labeled bone specimens.
Conclusions:
- Kleer Set resin is a highly effective and practical alternative to MMA for embedding undecalcified bone.
- This resin simplifies and accelerates the process of preparing bone specimens for histological analysis.
- The compatibility with fluorochromes makes Kleer Set resin ideal for advanced imaging studies in bone research.
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