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Cutaneous tuberculosis in Hong Kong: an update.

C K Ho1, M H Ho, L Y Chong

  • 1Social Hygiene Service (Dermatology Division), Department of Health, Yaumatei Dermatology Clinic, 12/F, Yaumatei Specialist Clinic, Hong Kong. stanleyckho@hotmail.com

Hong Kong Medical Journal = Xianggang Yi Xue Za Zhi
|August 17, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Cutaneous tuberculosis in Hong Kong primarily involves tuberculids, with erythema induratum being the most frequent type. True cutaneous tuberculosis forms like lupus vulgaris and tuberculosis verrucosa cutis are less common but remain significant.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) presents diverse clinical manifestations.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and specific forms of cutaneous TB is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the epidemiological data on cutaneous tuberculosis in Hong Kong.
  • To analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment responses for various forms of cutaneous TB.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted reviewing 147 patients with cutaneous tuberculosis from 1993 to 2002.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic results (histology, microbiology), and treatment outcomes.
  • Focus was placed on differentiating true cutaneous TB from tuberculids.

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Main Results:

  • Erythema induratum was the most prevalent form (86%), predominantly affecting the lower limbs in females.
  • True cutaneous tuberculosis cases included lupus vulgaris and tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (4% each).
  • Diagnostic methods like culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed positivity in less than half of the cases; all patients responded well to anti-TB therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Lupus vulgaris and tuberculosis verrucosa cutis are the most common types of true cutaneous tuberculosis.
  • Erythema induratum is the most frequent tuberculid presentation.
  • Diagnostic yield of culture and PCR for cutaneous TB is limited in this cohort.